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| NR-23 | |
|---|---|
 NR-23 cannons in tail barbette of the Il-28 bomber. |
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| Type | Single-barrel Autocannon |
| Place of origin |  Soviet Union |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 39 kg (86 lb) |
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| Caliber | 23x115mm (0.90 in) |
| Action | Short recoil |
| Rate of fire | 800 rpm |
| Muzzle velocity | 690 m/s (2,264 ft/s) |
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (December 2007) |
The Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 is a Soviet cannon widely used in military aircraft of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact. It was designed by A. E. Nudelman and A.A. Rikhter to replace the wartime Nudelman-Suranov NS-23 and VYa cannon, entering service in 1949.
The NR-23 is a single-barrel, short recoil operated 23 mm (0.90 in) cannon. It was similar to the NS-23, but mechanical improvements increased its rate of fire by more than 50%. Its theoretical rate of fire was 850 rounds per minute, although USAF tests of captured weapons achieved an actual rate of fire of only 650 rounds per minute.
The NR-23 was later replaced by the AM-23 automatic cannon which had higher firing rate. The AM-23 was used in turreted installations for bombers. It was a gas-operated weapon, weighed 43 kg (95 lb) and was capable of a substantially higher rate of fire (1200-1300 rounds per minute).
The People's Republic of China manufactures copies of both versions of this weapon as Norinco Type 23-1 (NR-23) and Type 23-2 (AM-23), respectively.
Applications
The NR-23 was used on fighter aircraft, including the MiG-15, Lavochkin La-15, MiG-17, and some marks of the MiG-19. The AM-23 was used in the defensive turrets of the Antonov An-12, Ilyushin Il-28, Myasishchev M-4, Tupolev Tu-14, Tupolev Tu-16, Tupolev Tu-22, Tupolev Tu-95/Tu-142, and the Tupolev Tu-98 prototype.
Considering the various users and the large number of aircraft employing this weapon, it was perhaps the most widely used aircraft cannon of its day. In the mid-1960s the cannon was replaced in Soviet service by the twin-barrel Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23L.
The mechanism of the NR-23 was scaled up to produce the more powerful NR-30 30 mm gun used in the MiG-19 and some marks of the MiG-21.
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