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August 9 is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 144 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
48 BC - Caesar's civil war : Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt .378 - Gothic War : Battle of Adrianople - A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey . Valens is killed along with over half of his army.681 - Bulgaria is founded as a Khanate on the south bank of the Danube , after defeating the Byzantine armies of Emperor Constantine IV south of the Danube delta.1048 - Pope Damasus II dies in Rome , after reigning for only 23 days.1173 - Construction of the Tower of Pisa begins, and it takes two centuries to complete.1329 - Quilon the first Indian Diocese was erected by Pope John XXII and Jordanus was appointed the first Bishop1483 - Opening of the Sistine Chapel 1666 - Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling , destroying 150 merchant ships in the Vlie estuary, and pillaging the town of West-Terschelling, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire ".1810 - Napoleon annexes Westphalia as part of the First French Empire .1842 - Webster-Ashburton Treaty is signed, establishing the United States -Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains .1862 - American Civil War : Battle of Cedar Mountain - At Cedar Mountain, Virginia , Confederate General Stonewall Jackson narrowly defeats Union forces under General John Pope .1877 - Indian Wars : Battle of Big Hole - A small band of Nez Percé Indians clash with the United States Army .1892 - Thomas Edison receives a patent for a two-way telegraph .1902 - Edward VII is crowned king of the United Kingdom .1907 - The first Boy Scout encampment concludes at Brownsea Island in Southern England .1925 - Kakori train robbery took place at Kakori , near Lucknow , India 1936 - Summer Olympic Games : Games of the XI Olympiad : Jesse Owens wins his fourth gold medal at the games becoming the first American to win four medals in one Olympiad .1942 - Indian leader, Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in Bombay by British forces, launching the Quit India Movement .1942 - World War II : Battle of Savo Island - Allied naval forces protecting their amphibious forces during the initial stages of the Battle of Guadalcanal are surprised and defeated by an Imperial Japanese Navy cruiser force.
1944 - The United States Forest Service and the Wartime Advertising Council release posters featuring Smokey Bear for the first time.1945 - World War II : Nagasaki is devastated when an atomic bomb , "Fat Man", is dropped by the United States B-29 Bockscar 1965 - Singapore seceded from Malaysia and gained independence.1965 - A fire at a Titan missile base near Searcy, Arkansas kills 53 construction workers.
1969 - Members of a cult led by Charles Manson brutally murder pregnant actress Sharon Tate (wife of Roman Polanski ), coffee heiress Abigail Folger , Polish actor Wojciech Frykowski , men's hairstylist Jay Sebring , and recent high-school graduate Steven Parent at 10050 Cielo Drive in Los Angeles, California .1971 - Internment in Northern Ireland : British security forces arrest hundreds of nationalists and detain them without trial in Long Kesh prison. Twenty people die in the riots that follow.1974 - As a direct result of the Watergate scandal , Richard Nixon becomes the first President of the United States to resign from office. His Vice President , Gerald Ford , becomes president.1977 - The military-controlled Government of Uruguay announces that it will return the nation to civilian rule through general elections in 1981 for a President and Congress .1993 - The Liberal Democratic Party of Japan loses a 38-year hold on national leadership.1999 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin fires his Prime Minister, Sergei Stepashin , and for the fourth time fires his entire cabinet.1999 - The Diet of Japan enacts a law establishing the Hinomaru and Kimi Ga Yo as the official national flag and national anthem .
2001 - US President George W. Bush announces his support for federal funding of limited research on embryonic stem cells .2007 - Emergence of the Financial crisis of 2007-2008 when a liquidity crisis resulted from the Subprime mortgage crisis 2008 - The launch of the new Philippine network, TV5 .
Births
1201 - Arnold Fitz Thedmar , English chronicler (d. 1274 )1593 - Izaak Walton , English angler (d. 1683 )1631 - John Dryden , English Poet Laureate (d. 1700 )1648 - Johann Michael Bach , German composer (d. 1694 )1653 - John Oldham , English poet (d. 1683 )1669 - Eudoxia Lopukhina , Tsarina of Russia (d. 1731 )1674 - František Maxmilián Kaňka , Czech architect (d. 1766 )1722 - Augustus William, Prince of Prussia (d. 1758 )1726 - Francesco Cetti , Italian Jesuit scientist (d. 1778 )1757 - Thomas Telford , Scottish civil engineer (d. 1834 )1776 - Amedeo Avogadro , Italian chemist (d. 1856 )1783 - Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1801 )1797 - Charles Robert Malden , British naval officer (d. 1855 )1805 - Joseph Locke , English railway and civil engineer (d. 1860 )1809 - William Barret Travis , commander at Battle of the Alamo1845 - André Bessette , Canadian religious figure (d. 1937 )1847 - Maria Victoria al Pozzo della Cisterna , queen consort of Spain (d. 1876)1871 - Leonid Andreyev , Russian writer (d. 1919 )1872 - Archduke Joseph August of Austria , Austrian field marshal (d. 1962 )1874 - Reynaldo Hahn , Venezuelan composer and conductor (d. 1947 )1875 - Albert Ketèlbey , English pianist, conductor and composer (b. 1959 )1896 - Jean Piaget , Swiss psychologist (d. 1980 )1896 - Erich Hückel , German physicist (d. 1980 )
1899 - P. L. Travers , Australian author (d. 1996 )1901 - Charles Farrell , American actor (d. 1990 )1902 - Zino Francescatti , French violinist (d. 1991 )1909 - Adam von Trott zu Solz , German diplomat (d. 1944 )1911 - William Alfred Fowler , American physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1996 )1911 - Eddie Futch , American boxing trainer (d. 2001 )
1914 - Tove Jansson , Finnish author (Moomins ) (d. 2001 )1914 - Ferenc Fricsay , Hungarian conductor (d. 1963 )
1914 - Joe Mercer , English footballer (d. 1990 )
1919 - Joop den Uyl , Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1987 )1919 - Ralph Houk , American baseball player and manager
1920 - Enzo Biagi , Italian journalist and writer1921 - J. James Exon , American politician, (d. 2005 )1921 - Ernest Angley , televangelist
1922 - Philip Larkin , English poet (d. 1985 )1925 - David A. Huffman , creator of Huffman coding (d. 1999 )1927 - Daniel Keyes , American author1927 - Robert Shaw , English actor (d. 1978 )
1928 - Bob Cousy , American. basketball player1930 - Jacques Parizeau , Quebec economist and politician1931 - Mário Zagallo , Brazilian football coach and player1931 - Chuck Essegian , American baseball player
1932 - John Gomery , Canadian jurist1933 - Tetsuko Kuroyanagi , Japanese television personality and children's author1936 - Julián Javier , American baseball player1936 - Patrick Tse Yin , Hong Kong film director
1938 - Leonid Kuchma , Ukrainian politician1938 - Rod Laver , Australian tennis player
1938 - Otto Rehhagel , German football manager
1939 - Romano Prodi , Prime Minister of Italy , former President of the European Commission 1939 - Brito , Brazilian footballer
1940 - Beverlee McKinsey , American actress (d. 2008 )1942 - Tommie Agee , American baseball player (d. 2001 )1942 - David Steinberg , Canadian comedian
1943 - Ken Norton , American boxer1944 - Sam Elliott , American actor1945 - Posy Simmonds , English cartoonist1946 - Jim Kiick , American football player1947 - Barbara Mason , American soul singer1947 - Benjamin Orr , American bassist and singer (The Cars ) (d. 2000 )
1948 - Bill Campbell , American baseball player1949 - Jonathan Kellerman , American writer1952 - Prateep Ungsongtham Hata , Thai politician1955 - John E. Sweeney , American politician1955 - Peter Schmuck , American sportswriter
1957 - Melanie Griffith , American actress1958 - Amanda Bearse , American actress1959 - Kurtis Blow , American rapper1959 - Stuart Hughes , Canadian actor1961 - Brad Gilbert , American tennis player1961 - John Key , Prime Minister of New Zealand (Designate)
1961 - Amy Stiller , American actress
1962 - Kevin Mack , American football player1962 - Louis Lipps , American football player
1963 - Whitney Houston , American diva and actress1964 - Brett Hull , Canadian-born hockey player1964 - Hoda Kotb , American television news anchor
1967 - Deion Sanders , American football player1968 - Gillian Anderson , American actress1968 - Eric Bana , Australian actor
1968 - Karyn Parsons , American actress
1968 - Sam Fogarino , American musician (Interpol )
1968 - Joseph McGinty Nichol , American film producer and director
1969 - Divine Brown , American convicted felon1969 - Troy Percival , baseball player
1970 - Rod Brind'Amour , hockey player1970 - Chris Cuomo , American TV journalist
1970 - Thomas Lennon , American actor
1970 - Arion Salazar , American musician (Third Eye Blind )
1971 - Davide Rebellin , Italian cyclist1971 - Mack 10 , American rapper
1971 - James Kim , technology reporter (d. 2006 )
1972 - Juanes , Colombian singer1972 - A-Mei , Taiwanese singer
1973 - Kevin McKidd , Scottish actor1973 - Filippo Inzaghi , Italian footballer
1974 - Mahesh Babu , Indian film actor1974 - Derek Fisher , American basketball player
1974 - Matt Morris , American baseball player
1974 - Kirill Reznik , American politician
1974 - Nicola Stapleton , English actress
1975 - Mike Lamb , American baseball player1975 - Robbie Middleby , Australian soccer player
1976 - Jessica Capshaw , American actress1976 - Rhona Mitra , English actress
1976 - Aled Haydn Jones , Radio 1's The Chris Moyles show Producer
1977 - Jason Frasor , American baseball player1977 - Chamique Holdsclaw , American basketball player
1977 - Adewale Ogunleye , American football player
1977 - Mikael Silvestre , French footballer
1978 - Audrey Tautou , French actress1980 - Ryu Seung-beom , South Korean actor1981 - Li Jiawei , Singaporean Olympic table tennis player1982 - Tyson Gay , American sprinter1982 - Danieal Manning , American football player
1983 - Ashley Johnson , American actress1983 - Shane O'Brien , Canadian hockey player
1984 - Paul Gallagher , Scottish footballer1984 - Saori Horii , Japanese gravure idol
1985 - Luca Filippi , Italian racing driver1985 - Hayley Peirsol , American swimmer
1985 - JaMarcus Russell , American football player
1986 - Vanessa Morley , American actress1989 - Stefano Okaka Chuka , Italian footballer1990 - Adelaide Kane , Australian actress1991 - Hansika Motwani , Indian actress1994 - Forrest Landis , American child actor
Deaths
117 - Trajan , Roman Emperor (b. 53 )378 - Valens , Roman Emperor (killed in battle) (b. 328 )803 - Byzantine Empress Irene (b. 752 )1048 - Pope Damasus II 1107 - Emperor Horikawa of Japan (b. 1079 )1173 - Najm ad-Din Ayyub , father of Saladin 1250 - King Eric IV of Denmark (b. 1216 )1534 - Cardinal Cajetan , Italian theologian (b. 1470 )1601 - Michael the Brave , Prince of Wallachia (b. 1558 )1634 - William Noy , English jurist (b. 1577 )1720 - Simon Ockley , English orientalist (b. 1678 )1744 - James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos , English patron of the arts (b. 1673 )1816 - Johann August Apel , German jurist and writer (b. 1771 )1837 - Xavier Sigalon , French painter (b. 1787 )1886 - Samuel Ferguson , Northern Irish poet and artist (b. 1810 )1919 - Ruggiero Leoncavallo , Italian composer (b. 1857 )1942 - Edith Stein , (St. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross) (executed) (b. 1891 )1945 - Harry Hillman , American athlete (b. 1881 )1945 - Robert Hampton Gray , last Canadian Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1917 )
1946 - Bert Vogler , Former South African cricketer (b. 1876 )1957 - Carl Clauberg , Nazi doctor (b. 1898 )1962 - Hermann Hesse , German-born writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1877 )1967 - Joe Orton , English writer (b. 1933 )1969 - Cecil Frank Powell , British physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1903 )1969 - Abigail Folger , American heiress (murdered) (b. 1943 )
1969 - Wojciech Frykowski , Polish writer (murdered) (b. 1936 )
1969 - Jay Sebring , American hair stylist (murdered) (b. 1933 )
1969 - Sharon Tate , American actress (murdered) (b. 1943 )
1969 - Steven Parent , American student (murdered) (b. 1951 )
1974 - Bill Chase , American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1934 )1975 - Dmitri Shostakovich , Russian composer (b. 1906 )1979 - Walter O'Malley , baseball executive (b. 1903 )1979 - Raymond Washington , founder of Los Angeles, California gang, the Crips
1980 - Jacqueline Cochran , American aviatrix (b. 1906 )1985 - Clive Churchill , Australian rugby league footballer (b. 1927 )1988 - Giacinto Scelsi , Italian composer (b. 1905 )1990 - Joe Mercer , English footballer (b. 1914 )1995 - Jerry Garcia , American musician (Grateful Dead ) (b. 1942 )1996 - Sir Frank Whittle , invented the jet engine (b. 1907 )1999 - Fouad Serageddin , Egyptian politician (b. 1910 )2000 - John Harsanyi , Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1920 )2000 - Nicholas Markowitz -kidnapped and murdered by Jesse James Hollywood (b. 1984 )
2002 - Paul Samson , British guitarist (Samson ) (b. 1953 )2002 - Peter Neville , anarchist, sociologist, and peace activist
2003 - Ray Harford , English footballer and manager (b. 1945 )2003 - Gregory Hines , American actor and dancer (b. 1946 )
2003 - Jacques Deray , French film director (b. 1929 )
2003 - Chester Ludgin , American baritone (b. 1925 )
2004 - Robert Lecourt , French politician and president of the European Court of Justice (b. 1908 )2004 - Tony Mottola , American guitarist (b. 1918 )
2004 - David Raksin , American film director (b. 1912 )
2005 - Matthew McGrory , American actor (b. 1973 )2005 - Judith Rossner , American novelist (b. 1935 )
2006 - James van Allen , American physicist (b. 1914 )2006 - Philip E. High , science fiction author (b. 1914 )
2007 - Joe O'Donnell , American documentary photographer , photojournalist (b. 1922 )2008 - Bernie Mac , American comedian , actor.(b. 1957 )2008 - Mahmoud Darwish , Palestinian prominent poet and writer of prose.(b. 1941 )
Holidays and observances
Roman Catholicism
External links
