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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1780s 1790s 1800s - 1810s - 1820s 1830s 1840s |
| Years: | 1813 1814 1815 - 1816 - 1817 1818 1819 |
| 1816 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - France - Germany - Ireland - Mexico - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - UK - USA |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). This year was known as The Year Without a Summer because of low global temperatures.
Contents |
Events of 1816
January - June
- Known as the "Year Without A Summer" in the northern hemisphere due to global cooling caused by the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption that had occurred in 1815.
- The Chinese New Year of the Rat begins in January.
- January 1 - Tsar Alexander I of Russia signs an order for the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Russian Empire.
- January 9 - Sir Humphry Davy tests the Davy lamp for Miners at Hebburn Colliery.
- February 12 - Fire nearly destroys the city of St. John's, Newfoundland.
- February 20 - Gioachino Rossini's The Barber of Seville debuts at Teatro Argentina, with a fiasco.
- March 23 - Estonia emancipates its peasants from serfdom.
- March 25 - Friedrich Karl Ludwig, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck dies and is succeeded by the later Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, his son and founder of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
- April 11 - In Philadelphia, the African Methodist Episcopal Church is established by Richard Allen and other African-American Methodists, the first such denomination completely independent of White churches.
- May 2 - Leopold of Sayxe-Coburg (later King of the Belgians) marries Charlotte Augusta, but she dies the next year.
- June 19 - Battle of Seven Oaks: The Hudson's Bay Company is defeated by the North West Fur-Trading Company, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
July - December
- July 9 - Argentina gains independence from Spain.
- July 17 - The French passenger ship Medusa runs aground off the coast of Senegal, with 140 lives lost in the botched rescue that takes weeks, leading to a scandal in the French government.
- August 24 - The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.
- August 27 - Bombardment of Algiers: Various European Allie ships force the Dey of Algiers to free Christian slaves.
- November - James Monroe defeats Rufus King in the U.S. presidential election.
- December 11 - Indiana is admitted as the 19th U.S. state.
Undated
- Tsultrim Gyatso becomes the 10th Dalai Lama.
- Banjul, capital of The Gambia, is founded as a trading post, and named Bathurst.
- René Laennec invents the stethoscope.
- The Second Bank of the United States obtains its charter.
- E. Remington and Sons (the famous firearm and later typewriter manufacturing company) is founded.
- The Senate of Finland is established.
- Robert Stirling patents his engine.
- A rail capable of supporting a heavy locomotive is developed.
- The Ottomans grant Serbia local autonomy.
- Rammohun Roy founds Hindu College in Calcutta, offering instructions in Western languages and subjects.
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1816 MDCCCXVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2569 |
| Armenian calendar | 1265 ԹՎ ՌՄԿԵ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -28 – -27 |
| Berber calendar | 2766 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2360 |
| Burmese calendar | 1178 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7324 – 7325 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙亥年十二月初三日 (4452/4512-12-3) — to —
丙子年十一月十三日(4453/4513-11-13) |
| Coptic calendar | 1532 – 1533 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1808 – 1809 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5576 – 5577 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1871 – 1872 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1738 – 1739 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4917 – 4918 |
| Holocene calendar | 11816 |
| Iranian calendar | 1194 – 1195 |
| Islamic calendar | 1231 – 1232 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunka 13 (文化13年) |
| Korean calendar | 4149 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2359 |
- March 14 - William Marsh Rice, American university founder (d. 1900)
- April 21 - Charlotte Brontë, British novelist (d. 1855)
- April 22 - Charles Denis Bourbaki, French general (d. 1897)
- April 25 - Eliza Daniel Stewart, American temperance movement leader (d. 1908)
- May 24 - Emanuel Leutze, American painter (d. 1868)
- June 19 - William Henry Webb, American industrialist and philanthropist (d. 1899)
- June 30 - Richard Lindon, Inventor of the Rugby Ball (d. 1887)
- July 4 - Arthur de Gobineau, French diplomat and author (d. 1882)
- July 23 - Charlotte Cushman, American stage actress (d. 1876)
- July 31 - George Henry Thomas, American general (d. 1870)
- August 4 - William Julian Albert, U.S. Congressman (d. 1879)
- August 16 - Charles John Vaughan, English scholar (d. 1897)
- November 17 - August Wilhelm Ambros, Austrian composer (d. 1876)
- December 13 - Werner von Siemens, German inventor and industrialist (d. 1892)
- date unknown - Francis Dutton, Premier of South Australia (d. 1877)
Deaths
- January 27 - Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)
- February 6 - Maria Ludwika Rzewuska, Polish szlachcianka (b. 1744)
- February 22 - Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian (b. 1723)
- March 19 - Philip Mazzei, Italian physician and friend of Thomas Jefferson (b. 1730)
- March 20 - Queen Maria I of Portugal (b. 1734)
- June 5 - Giovanni Paisiello, Italian composer (b. 1751)
- June 12 - Pierre Augereau, Marshal of France and duc de Castiglione (b. 1757)
- July 5 - Dorothy Jordan, actress, mistress of King William IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1761)
- July 7 - Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright (b. 1751)
- July 14 - Sebastián Francisco de Miranda y Rodríguez forerunner of latin american independece.
- September 27 - Edward Charles Howard, British chemist and chemical engineer (b. 1774)
- November 8 - Gouverneur Morris, American statesman (b. 1752)
- December 15 - Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope, English statesman and scientist (b. 1753)
- December 30 - Louis Henri Loison, French general (b. 1771)
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